You can filter gross mucky water with grape vines and make it healthy and delicious. I recommend boiling it after though- to be extra safe- but it’s super convenient
Yes, there are numerous plants that can be used as water filters of various kinds. However, it's very important to know exactly what you are doing since not all of these plants deal with all of the nasties in the water. Some only deal with one, which is a particular problem in that habitat. And you have be very sure you have the exactly the right species of the plant, at the right stage of its life cycle.
Water treatment is always a multi-stage process. You need to remove physical debris, particulates of various sizes and types, chemical toxins, bactera, viruses, fungi and protozoa such as amoebae.
Edit: sorry, didn't mean to sound like a killjoy! It can be fun experimenting to try and make these things work, and if you have all the right things the water from some of them does indeed come out delicious.